2indya.com

Similarity in English and Hindi languages

There is this striking similarity between Indian female names and the English female names or for that matter used in various foreign countries. The basic idea is that by adding the sound of “aa” at the end of the masculine name, a feminine name is generated. This practice is prevalent both in Hindi and English.

We will first take the example of English names:

Male Name	Female Name
Edwin	Edwina
George	Georgiana
Morgan	Morgana

Now, we take the example of Hindi names following the same pattern:

Male Name	Hindi Translation	Female Name	Hindi Translation
Shiv	शिव	Shiva	शिवा
Ram	राम	Rama	रामा
Krishn	कृष्ण	Krishna	कृष्णा

You can see by changing the last sound, the masculine name has been changed to a feminine one. I am sure this practice could be prevalent in other languages also. If you have knowledge of some of them, do share with us.

Here is a list of Hindi names of items used to make houses:

Wall	दीवार
Brick	ईँट
Roof	छत
Window	खिड़की
Door	द्वार
Entrance	प्रवेश
Steps	पौड़ी
Garden	उपवन

1. चाँदनी रात में बैठा हूँ लिए तुम्हारी यादों के साए,

सामने चमकने वाले सितारे को तुम्हारा दर्पण बनाए।

दिन के उजालों से हूँ मैं थोड़ा परेशान,

रात के अन्धेरे में शायद तुम्हारा चेहरा नज़र आए।

___________________________________________

2. आसमाँ में देखो तो सितारे दिखाई देते हैं,

नीचे देखो तो ये लोग सारे दिखाई देते हैं।

ये ग़म इसका है, ये ग़म उसका है,

भई हमें तो सारे ग़म हमारे दिखाई देते हैं।

Here are the Hindi names of stationery items users in a classroom from English.

stationery	लेखन सामग्री
Chair	कुर्सी
Table	कोष्टक, मेज
Pencil	लेखनी
Pen	लेखनी, पैन्न
Eraser	मिटानी
Ink	स्याही
Blackboard	श्यामपट्ट
Chalk	चॉक
Paper	लेखापत्र
Book	पुस्तक
Bag	थैला, झोला

1. ऐसे तो हो ही नहीं सकता वो हमें याद नहीं करते होंगे,

अरे। आँखों में आँसू लिए हमारा इन्तज़ार करते होंगे,

कौन जाने किस दिन मुलाकात हो जाए,

हमारी तरह वो भी खुद को रोज़ तैयार करते होंगे।

____________________________________________________

2. कभी हम यूँ ही कभी यूँ ही दिल जलाया करते हैं,

कभी कोई आँसू छलका देता है, कभी ये यूँ ही छलक जाया करते हैं।

____________________________________________________

3. मैं सारा दिन खुशीयों का राह देखता हूँ,

और तुम्हे देखने भर से खुशी मिल जाती है।

____________________________________________________

4. वो हमें छोड़ कर गए और वापस ना आए,

हम तो ढूँढते ही रह गए उनकी यादों के साए। (Happens to be my first poetic creation, ever)

____________________________________________________

1. आज उन्होने भी कह दिया हमें अपना बेग़ाना,

जिनको दिलो-जान से हमने अपना माना,

वो सुनाते गए हम सुनते गए, हमारी बेवफ़ाई,

और हमसे बनाया भी न गया कोई वफ़ाई का बहाना।

_____________________________________________________

2. सपने में तुम आए हो या सपना तुम्हारा आया है,

तुम नहीं जानते तुम्हारी याद ने हमें कितना रुलाया है।

सपने में ही सही तुम दिखे तो,

लम्बी अमावस के बाद आज पूरा चाँद नज़र आया है।

_____________________________________________________

3. ठोकर लगे तो आह की बजाए तुम्हारा नाम होठों पे आता है,

खुशी मिले तो वाह की बजाए तुम्हारा नाम होठों पे आता है,

ये सारे लोग कहते हैं कि तुम बोलते बहुत हो

लेकिन मैं जब भी बोलता हूँ, तुम्हारा नाम होठों पे आता है।

_____________________________________________________

Pronunciation Guide of Hindi Alphabet

Hindi alphabet contains lots of sounds that follow a definite pattern. The consonants are categorized according to their pronouncing style. There are lots of sounds that are produced by combining two consonants. Apart from this, there is a concept of using the half sound, which is prevalent is many other languages of the world. However, the complete letter has a conjunct sound of any consonant with the vowel अ. In Microsoft Windows, Mangal font is used for writing Hindi Alphabet, which is also used for writing Sanskrit Alphabet and Marathi Alphabet.

Below is the list of Hindi Alphabet and some examples of English language where the same sound is used. It is noticeable here that all the sounds of Hindi Alphabet can’t be produced in English and therefore no potent example could be provided for them.

Vowels in Hindi Alphabet (हिन्दी वर्णमाला के स्वर)

अ            As ‘a’ in mal

आ           Stressed अ

इ             As ‘I’ in ill

ई             As ‘e’ in eke

उ             As ‘u’ in Ubuntu

ऊ            As ‘ou’ in you

ऋ           As ‘rhy’ in rhythm

ॠ           Conjugated sound of ‘r’ and ‘rhy’ as above

ए            As ‘e’ in par se

ऐ            As ‘a’ in as

ओ          As ‘o’ in go

औ          Stressed and long sound of ‘o’

Consonants in Hindi Alphabet ( हिन्दी वर्णमाला के व्यंजन)

क             As ‘k’ in kite

ख            Coupled sound of ‘k’, ‘h’= ‘kh’

ग             As ‘g’ in gun

घ             Coupled sound of ‘g’, ‘h’= ‘gh’

ङ             As ‘gn’ in gnome. Does not produce a particular sound: Just used for articulation of tongue while pronouncing the next word

च            As ‘ch’ in chair

छ            This sound is not available in English. The tongue touches a bit away (to the inner side) from the teeth while pronouncing ‘ch’ as in chair.

ज            As ‘j’ in jug

झ            This sound is not available in English. The is produced using the naval sounds while the tongue touches the upper part of mouth cavity.

ञ             Just like ‘gn’ of gnome with a slight up movement of tongue. No particular sound just articulation while speaking.

ट              As ‘t’ in top

ठ              Hard sound of ‘t’. Not available in English.

ड              As ‘d’ in dark

ढ              Coupled sound of ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’. Not available in English but as ‘dh’ in Indian musical instrument ‘dhol’.

ण             Nasal sound when the tongue touches a bit away from teeth. In न, the tongue touches the roots of the teeth.

त             Soft sound of ‘t’ as used in the name of country Bharat

थ             As ‘th’ in thermo

द              As ‘th’ in the

ध             Not available in English. Again, naval sound produced by coupling soft ‘d’ and ‘h’= ‘dh’.

न             As ‘n’ in man

प             As ‘p’ in push

फ            Sound of ‘f’ if pronounced with closed lips. ‘f’ of German language.

ब             As ‘b’ in ban

भ            Not available in English. Coupled sound of ‘b’ and ‘h’= ‘bh’.

म            As ‘m’ in mass

य            As ‘y’ in yacht

र             As ‘r’ in run

ल            As ‘l’ in love

व            As ‘v’ in vowel

श            As ‘sh’ in shot

ष            Sound of ‘sh’ when the tongue touches the roots of the teeth. In श, the tongue touches the upper part of mouth cavity.

स           As ‘s’ in sound

ह            As ‘h’ in has

ज्ञ           Coupled sound of ‘j’ and ‘n’= ‘jn’

त्र            Coupled sound of soft ‘t’ and ‘r’= ‘tr’.

क्ष           Coupled sound of ‘k’, ‘s’, ‘h’= ‘ksh’. A bit similar to ‘x’

श्र           Coupled sound of ‘s’, ‘h’, ‘r’= ‘shr’. As ‘shr’ in shroud

Variations of consonants in Hindi Alphabet

क़            Sound of ‘k’ produced from the throat: equal to ‘q’ of English.

ख़            Sound of ‘kh’ produced from the throat. As ‘kh’ used in the name of ‘khan’.

ग़            Sound of ‘g’ produced from the throat.

ज़            As ‘z’ in zebra

ड़            Next variation of ‘d’. Not available in English and very difficult to produce for foreigners. As ‘re’ in Crore.

ढ़            Not available in English. Next variation of coupled sound of ‘dh’.

फ़            As ‘f’ in fast. As ‘v’ in German language

ळ            Sound of ‘l’ when the tongue almost touches the throat.

Specials characters in Hindi Alphabet

ऑ          As ‘a’ in ball

ऍ            As ‘ai’ in main

Symbols used in Hindi Alphabet

ँ             Sound of ‘n’ with the previous consonant along with some other symbols used for that consonant

ं             Sound of ‘m’ with the previous consonant

ः            Sound of ‘h’ with the previous consonant

ा            Sound of stressed ‘a’ with the previous consonant

ि            Sound of ‘i’ as in ill with the previous consonant

ी            Sound of ‘e’ as in eke with the previous consonant

ु             Sound of ‘u’ as in Ubuntu with the previous consonant

ू             Sound of ‘ou’ as in you with the previous consonant

ृ             Sound of ‘rhy’ as in rhythm with the previous consonant

ॄ             Double sound of ‘rhy’ as in rhythm with the previous consonant

ॅ             Used for transliteration. Giving the up sound to the symbol used.

े             Sound of ‘ai’ as in aim with the previous consonant

ै             Sound of ‘a’ as in as with the previous consonant

ॉ            Sound of ‘a’ as in ball with the previous consonant

ो            Sound of ‘o’ as in go with the previous consonant

ौ            Stressed sound of ‘o’

्             Halant. This is used to make the consonant half making it disjointed from the sound of अ.

।             Symbol of ‘.’ Full stop in English.

Numeric symbols used in Hindi (0-9)

०

१

२

३

४

५

६

७

८

९

Apart from these symbols, there are two types of half-sound of ‘r’ that is used in Hindi. One after the bearing consonant and one before the bearing consonant. The symbol is not present as such in the Mangal Font but can be made by pressing the Shift+3 keys. This symbol will put the half-sound of ‘r’ in the foot of the consonant and its sound would come after the consonant. Typing र and then using the key ‘d’ to make it half and then pressing the next consonant would make the symbol of ‘r’ that is sounded before the bearing consonant. This symbol will be placed above the consonant. Hindi is one of the official languages used in India and can be used for communication through the Northern India except the Dravidian Plateau of South India. In the states of Kerela, Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu, and Karnataka, Hindi is not that much popular.

Here are the Hindi names of geographical distributions of land according to which the population of the world exists on this earth.

Village	गाँव
Town	उपनगर
City	नगर
Metropolis	महानगर
Capital	राजधानी
State	प्रांत, प्रदेश, राज
Country	देश
World	विश्व
Planet	ग्रह
Universe	ब्रह्माण्ड

Hindi names of tastes from English

Here is the list of Hindi names of tastes from English.

Sweet	मधुर
Sour	अम्ल
Salty	लवण
Bitter	तिक्त
Pungent	तीक्ष्ण
Astringent	कषाय

We provide the list of Hindi numbers from 1-100 in English and in numerals. We hope our readers would find them helpful.

English	Numerals	Hindi
One	1	एक
Two	2	दो
Three	3	तीन
Four	4	चार
Five	5	पाञ्च
Six	6	छे
Seven	7	सात
Eight	8	आठ
Nine	9	नौ
Ten	10	दस
Eleven	11	ग्यारह
Twelve	12	बारह
Thirteen	13	तेरह
Fourteen	14	चौदह
Fifteen	15	पन्द्रह
Sixteen	16	सोलह
Seventeen	17	सत्रह
Eighteen	18	अठारह
Nineteen	19	उन्नीस
Twenty	20	बीस
Twenty-one	21	इक्कीस
Twenty-two	22	बाईस
Twenty-three	23	तेईस
Twenty-four	24	चौबीस
Twenty-five	25	पच्चीस
Twenty-six	26	छब्बीस
Twenty-seven	27	सत्तइस
Twenty-eight	28	अठ्ठाइस
Twenty-nine	29	उन्तीस
Thirty	30	तीस
Thirty-one	31	इकतीस
Thirty-two	32	बत्तीस
Thirty-three	33	तेतीस
Thirty-four	34	चौतीस
Thirty-five	35	पैंतीस
Thirty-six	36	छत्तीस
Thirty-seven	37	सैंतीस
Thirty-eight	38	अड़तीस
Thirty-nine	39	अन्तालीस
Forty	40	चालीस
Forty-one	41	इकतालीस
Forty-two	42	ब्यालीस
Forty-three	43	तेतालीस
Forty-four	44	चौवालीस
Forty-five	45	पैंतालीस
Forty-six	46	छ्यालीस
Forty-seven	47	सैतालीस
Forty-eight	48	अड़तालीस
Forty-nine	49	उनंचास
Fifty	50	पचास
Fifty-one	51	इक्यावन
Fifty-two	52	बावन
Fifty-three	53	त्रेपन
Fifty-four	54	चौअन
Fifty-five	55	पचपन
Fifty-six	56	छप्पन
Fifty-seven	57	सत्तावन
Fifty-eight	58	अठ्ठावन
Fifty-nine	59	उनसठ
Sixty	60	साठ
Sixty-one	61	इकसठ
Sixty-two	62	बासठ
Sixty-three	63	त्रेसठ
Sixty-four	64	चौंसठ
Sixty-five	65	पैंसठ
Sixty-six	66	छ्यासठ
Sixty-seven	67	सरसठ
Sixty-eight	68	अरसठ
Sixty-nine	69	उनहत्तर
Seventy	70	सत्तर
Seventy-one	71	इकहत्तर
Seventy-two	72	बहत्तर
Seventy-three	73	तिहत्तर
Seventy-four	74	चौहत्तर
Seventy-five	75	पिचत्तर
Seventy-six	76	छियत्तर
Seventy-seven	77	सतत्तर
Seventy-eight	78	अठत्तर
Seventy-nine	79	उनासी
Eighty	80	अस्सी
Eighty-one	81	इक्यासी
Eighty-two	82	ब्यासी
Eighty-three	83	तिरासी
Eighty-four	84	चौरासी
Eighty-five	85	पिचासी
Eighty-six	86	छयासी
Eighty-seven	87	सतासी
Eighty-eight	88	अठासी
Eighty-nine	89	नवासी
Ninety	90	नब्बे
Ninety-one	91	इक्यानवे
Ninety-two	92	बानवे
Ninety-three	93	त्रानवे
Ninety-four	94	चौरानवे
Ninety-five	95	पिञ्चानवे
Ninety-six	96	छ्यानवे
Ninety-seven	97	सत्तानवे
Ninety-eight	98	अठ्ठानवे
Ninety-Nine	99	निन्यानवे
Hundred	100	सौ